Function Prototypes in C and C++

A function prototype is a declaration in C and C of a function, its name, parameters and return type  before its actual declaration. This enables the compiler to perform more robust type checking. Because the function prototype tells the compiler what to expect, the compiler is better able to flag any functions that dont contain the expected information. A function prototype omits the function body. Unlike a full function definition, the prototype terminates in a semi-colon. For example: intgetsum(float * value) ; Prototypes are most often used in header files—although they could appear anywhere in a program. This allows external functions in other files to be called and the compiler to check the parameters during compilation. Purposes A function prototype ensures that calls to a function are made with the correct number and types of arguments.A function prototype specifies the number of arguments.It states the data type of each of the passed arguments.It gives the order in which the arguments are passed to the function. The function prototype tells the compiler what to expect, what to give to the function and what to expect from the function. Benefits Prototypes save debugging time.Prototypes prevent problems that occur when you compile using functions that were not declared.When function overloading occurs, the prototypes distinguish which function version to call.

Progression From Bigotry to Equality - 1070 Words

Over the span of many centuries, women have been undermined and ridiculed by the reality of a bitter society. A female’s sex generally predetermined the uneventful course she would be expected to take throughout her life. Promising opportunities were rare and for ages, ladies were confined to the home with little more than a puppet role to play. Common household chores were a part of the daily agenda, and unfailing devotion to a husband was anticipated (Cruea). The initiative push by The National Woman Suffrage Association provided a source of encouragement for women searching for impartial justice in basic aspects of everyday life. The women’s rights movement-though a long, rocky road-essentially led from bigotry to equality. The†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬Å"Women’s work†, such as sewing was reserved for females in particular because of experience. Satisfactory jobs were practically unattainable. Women were limited to a variety of menial services b ecause of their poor education, and worked long, unfair hours on low pay. They labored in textile mills, clothing mills, and domestic services of all kinds, toiled as midwives, barbers, and teachers, and learned petty trades like that of pottery (Novkov). The health conditions in the majority of factories were awful. Cotton thread was spun in warm, damp environments, and workers leaving into the cold air led to pneumonia. Dusty atmospheres caused chest and lung diseases among female employees, and loud machine noises more often than not damaged their hearing. There were advocates for improving the work field for women. The National Woman Suffrage Association pressed for safer work environments and desired better work hours. The working women themselves requested an increase in their earnings. They paraded, protested, went on strike, formed unions to negotiate with their bosses, and walked off the job when necessary. In 1963, the United States passed the Equal Pay Act as a federal la w, aiming to abolish wage discrepancy based on gender (Shah). To fight anti-feminists for a united cause, the National Woman Suffrage Association (NWSA) and the American Woman Suffrage Association (AWSA) merged to form the NationalShow MoreRelatedEverything That Rises Must Converge1345 Words   |  6 PagesRising from Racism to Converge in Equality Generations of people always grow up learning different beliefs from their parents, who usually still hold on to old fashioned beliefs and ideas. â€Å"Everything That Rises Must Converge†, by Flannery O’ Connor, is considered a humorous but enthralling tale of a college graduate named Julian who lives with his prejudiced mother. The story takes place a couple years after segregation ended in the South, and African Americans and Caucasians can share publicRead MoreThe Diversity Of The African American Community914 Words   |  4 PagesBy examining the evolution of community buildings in relation to the progression of the African American community in the United States of America, it is evident that the psychological human needs have influenced the progression of the buildings. Every community evolves from people alike, whether this is by race, religious beliefs or interests. The African-American community was an outcome of racial discrimination and bigotry in America. The enslavement of Africans in America began in 1619 andRead MoreContribution And Influence Of Voltaire760 Words   |  4 Pages The age of enlightenment and the influence it has played in the development of society is one of many layers. There have been many influential people who have directly contributed to the progression of our literatures and societal norms. One of the more outspoken and notable philosophers was French born Francois-Marie Arouet also known by his pen name of Voltaire. He was born in Paris in 1694 into to wealth. His father was a well-known lawyer and dignitary who had great notoriety and influenceRead MoreThe Port Huron Statement By Tom Hayden928 Words   |  4 Pagessocial change. They rebelled against what they saw as the apathy of the status quo of the †Å"elitist†, middle-class affluence into which they were born. As they attended colleges and universities, they did not view history as being the forward progression of the pursuit of truly better lives for all men. Much of their contention was spawned by objections to the Vietnam War. The reasons for entering the war were difficult to grasp and convoluted at best. Young people were being drafted andRead MoreThe Impact On The Women s Suffrage Movement1339 Words   |  6 Pageswho became an acclaimed activist in the African American Equal Rights movement, accompanied the movement. Moreover, The Declaration of Sentiments was a document that reflected the ideals of the Declaration of Independence, reiterating the sentiment from the Bible that â€Å"all men [and women] are created equal.† Concurrent to the publication of this document, for the first time, women insisted that they were men’s equals in every way. The Declaration of Sentiments was pivotal in Women’s history, althoughRead MoreReconstruction : The Misadventures Of Post Civil War1116 Words   |  5 Pagesforefathers overcame the colonial reign of the British Empire, they formed the United States of America base d on the premise of enlightened ideals promoting life, ownership of land, and liberty. But after the revolution, the country’s problems were far from solved. The country’s post-revolution issues sparked a Civil War, which was followed by a reconstruction. In some ways, the Civil War and Reconstruction helped the United States accomplish its original goals, but in many ways, that was not the caseRead MoreRacism And Ethnic Separation Of The United States1386 Words   |  6 Pagesprocurement, and criminal method over timeframes reaching out from the seventeenth century to the 1960s. Be that as it may, non-Protestant workers from Europe; especially Irish individuals, Poles and Italians; endured xenophobic prohibition and different types of ethnicity-based segregation in American culture. Also, albeit Middle Eastern Americans are considered White under the US Census, Jews (counting settlers from the Diaspora and from Israel itself) and Arabs have confronted persistent separationRead MoreEvangelical Ideology1047 Words   |  5 Pagescurrent wave of â€Å"Charismatic Christianity† that has dominated social and political discourse. Evangelical ideology is on the rise in Brazil, even Rio, a previously liberal city, recently elected an evangelical mayor. What distinguishes this movement from the American one is that now some of the city’s best known drug dealers claim to be spreading the message of the gospel as well. There have also been a signifiant increase in reports of religiously motivated crimes in Rio. Evangelicals are specificallyRead MoreThe Struggle That Black Face Into The Industry And Maintain An Equal Level Status As The Co Workers994 Words   |  4 Pagesblacks have been able to break through and how technology advancement have allow them to be able to express their point of view to a mass audience. Finally evaluate the study; conclusion and opinion on what can be done to improve the equality in the industry. The progression blacks has made in the film industry in general over the years and the problems they still face. The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences As of recent intense debates in the media about the lack of black’s opportunity inRead MoreWhy Religious Doctrine Is Not Negative? Essay1853 Words   |  8 Pagesdoes interpretation of less straightforward religious doctrine become a blight on progressive legislation. â€Å"Fundamentalists know they are right because they have read the truth in a holy book and they know, in advance, that nothing will budge them from their belief† (NAME THE SOURCE pg 282 CHAPTER); does this mean that if the interpretation tells you that homosexual marriage/union is wrong it supersedes the written doctrine? Or that one should not interfere with God’s work and change their gender

Example of a Consent Form Free Essays

string(269) " After the potential significance of such results has been explained to you by your physician, you will be offered an opportunity to obtain independent diagnostic confirmation of this research finding in a laboratory which specializes in this type of clinical testing\." Research Consent Form Brigham and Women’s Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Massachusetts General Hospital Version III. a August 1998 Pi_dist9. doc Imprint Patient ID Number Protocol Title: Developmental Anatomy Genome Project (DGAP) Principal/Overall Investigator: Cynthia C. We will write a custom essay sample on Example of a Consent Form or any similar topic only for you Order Now Morton, Ph. D. Site-Responsible Investigator(s)/Institution: James Gusella, Ph. D. /MGH Co-Investigator(s)/Study Staff: Drs. B Quade, A Ligon, R Maas, A Michelson, J Gusella, M MacDonald, E Lemyre, J Lewis Description of Subject Population: Patients with congenital anomalies PURPOSE We would like permission to enroll you as a participant in a research study. The purpose of this research is to identify and study genes involved in human development. You have been asked to participate in this research study because you (or your child) have (or has) one or more developmental abnormalities and chromosomal abnormalities that have been present since birth. Such chromosomal abnormalities may disrupt the function of genes required for normal growth and development. By identifying these genes in people with specific birth defects, we hope to reach a greater understanding of how the human body grows and develops. STUDY CONTACTS This study is being organized by Dr. Cynthia C. Morton, who can be reached at 617-732-7980 with any questions you may have during the course of this study. If you enrolled at the MGH, please contact Dr. James Gusella at 617-726-5724. PROCEDURES If you agree to participate, you will donate a blood sample. The amount of blood drawn will vary with age (less than 2 years old: about 1 tablespoon; ages 2-10 years: about 2 tablespoons; ages 11 years and up: about 2-4 tablespoons) and may be reduced for smaller individuals. In general, after you have donated blood, cells or tissue samples no additional hospitalization or clinic visits will be required for you to participate in this study. Any of the samples you donate will be used to establish an immortal cell line. This means that an inexhaustible supply of DNA will be available for genetic research. DNA is the genetic material from which genes are made. These samples may be stored/banked for future use and/or shared with other investigators associated with this study. These stored or distributed samples will NOT be labeled with your name. Do you agree to this (please circle one choice): Page 1 of 5 Subject Population: Patients with congenital anomalies IRB Protocol Number: 1999P-003090 98-09233 Sponsor Protocol Number: N/A Consent Form Approval Date: DECEMBER 9, 1999 Amendment Number Approved: N/A IRB Expiration Date: Amendment Approval Date: N/A NOVEMBER 22, 2000 Research Consent Form Brigham and Women’s Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Massachusetts General Hospital Version III. a August 1998 Pi_dist9. doc Imprint Patient ID Number YES NO You may be contacted in the future and asked for additional samples to continue research. If you do not wish to be contacted in the future, you may indicate this below: YES, okay to contact NO, do not contact As mentioned above, samples that are sent to the research laboratory will be assigned a code number. The key to this code will be maintained in locked files by Dr. Cynthia Morton, and your (or your child’s) identity will not be revealed to anybody other than your referring physician. Important non-identifying information such as sex, age, and nature of your developmental abnormality will be transmitted to the research laboratory in order to correlate study results with specific developmental problems. The information obtained from this study of your donated blood or tissue is not known to be useful clinically or diagnostically at this time. The research is currently useful only as a means of understanding genes and developmental abnormalities. Results from these genetic studies will NOT be placed in your (or your child’s) medical record. We will not communicate these results directly to you; study results will be released to your referring physician. COSTS No charges will be billed to your insurance company or to you for this study. You should be sure that no charges for the blood draw are to be filed with your insurance company. If the person who draws your blood intends to bill you, you should pay for this yourself and send a copy of the bill to the investigator who will reimburse you. RISKS AND DISCOMFORTS There are minor risks and discomforts associated with blood sampling. This includes a brief amount of pain and possibly a small bruise at the needle site. Occasionally a person feels faint when his/her blood is drawn. Rarely an infection develops, but if this occurs the infection can be treated. Disclosure of Study Results Information about your participation in a genetic study may influence insurance and/or employers regarding your health status. We will use many safeguards to prevent unintentional disclosure: I) information about your participation in, and the results of, this research will NOT be placed in your medical records, II) research data (including data collected from medical charts) will be entered only into a research database. No names will be entered into this database, only the codes assigned to submitted samples. Other investigators will NOT be given a key to this code, and III) NO results from this study will be released to anyone other than your referring physician. You can also minimize these risks by not sharing with others the fact that you have participated in genetic studies. Page 2 of 5 Subject Population: Patients with congenital anomalies IRB Protocol Number: 1999P-003090 98-09233 Sponsor Protocol Number: N/A Consent Form Approval Date: DECEMBER 9, 1999 Amendment Number Approved: N/A IRB Expiration Date: Amendment Approval Date: N/A NOVEMBER 22, 2000 Research Consent Form Brigham and Women’s Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Massachusetts General Hospital Version III. a August 1998 Pi_dist9. doc Imprint Patient ID Number These studies are for research purposes only. Therefore, NO study results will be communicated to you at any time. However, in the event that this research study uncovers information that we feel MAY impact your healthcare (either positively or negatively), we will convey this information to your physician. After the potential significance of such results has been explained to you by your physician, you will be offered an opportunity to obtain independent diagnostic confirmation of this research finding in a laboratory which specializes in this type of clinical testing. You read "Example of a Consent Form" in category "Papers" This diagnostic testing will ONLY take place IF you provide additional consent for it. Only the result of the confirmatory test would be entered into your medical record by the diagnostic laboratory or your physician. BENEFITS At this time, we know of no direct benefit to you (or your child) as a result of participation in this research study. Participation is completely voluntary and your alternative is to not participate. Other individuals may benefit in the future if these studies provide useful information about identifying or treating developmental abnormalities. ALTERNATIVES You are free to participate or not to participate in this study. If you choose not to participate, your medical care and treatment will NOT be affected. Page 3 of 5 Subject Population: Patients with congenital anomalies IRB Protocol Number: 1999P-003090 98-09233 Sponsor Protocol Number: N/A Consent Form Approval Date: DECEMBER 9, 1999 Amendment Number Approved: N/A IRB Expiration Date: Amendment Approval Date: N/A NOVEMBER 22, 2000 Research Consent Form Brigham and Women’s Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Massachusetts General Hospital Version III. a August 1998 Pi_dist9. doc Imprint Patient ID Number THE FOLLOWING PARAGRAPHS CONTAIN STANDARD INFORMATION WHICH GENERALLY APPLIES TO PERSONS INVOLVED IN A RESEARCH STUDY AND ARE REQUIRED ON ALL CONSENT FORMS. CONFIDENTIALITY Medical information produced by this study will become part of your hospital medical record, unless specifically stated otherwise in this consent form. Information that does not become part of your medical record will be stored in the investigator’s file and identified by a code number only. The code key connecting your name to specific information about you will be kept in a separate, secure location. Your medical record is available to health care professionals at Brigham and Women’s Hospital (BWH), Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI), or Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH), collectively called the â€Å"Hospitals†, and may be reviewed by appropriate Hospital staff members in the course of carrying out their duties; however, they are required to maintain confidentiality in accordance with applicable laws and the policies of the Hospitals. Information contained in your records may not be given to anyone unaffiliated with the Hospitals in a form that could identify you without your written consent, except as described in this consent form or as required by law. It is possible that your medical and research record, including sensitive information and/or identifying information, may be inspected and/or copied by the study sponsor (and/or its agent), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), federal or state government agencies, or hospital accrediting agencies, in the course of carrying out their duties. If your record is inspected or copied by the study sponsor (and/or its agents), or by any of these agencies, the Hospitals will use reasonable efforts to protect your privacy and the confidentiality of your medical information. The results of this study may be published in a medical book or journal or used for teaching purposes. However, your name or other identifiers will not be used in any publication or teaching materials without your specific permission. In addition, if photographs, audiotapes or videotapes were taken during the study that could identify you, then you must give special written permission for their use. In that case, you will be given the opportunity to view or listen, as applicable, to the photographs, audiotapes or videotapes before you give your permission for their use if you so request. REQUEST FOR MORE INFORMATION You may ask more questions about the study at any time. The investigator(s) will provide their telephone number so that they are available to answer your questions or concerns about the study. You will be informed of any significant new findings discovered during the course of this study that might influence your continued participation. If during the study or later, you wish to discuss your rights as a research subject, your participation in the study and/or concerns about the study, a research-related injury with someone not directly involved in the study, or if you feel under any pressure to enroll in this study or to continue to participate in this study, you are asked to contact a representative of the Human Research Committees at BWH (617) 732-7200, at MGH (617) 726-3493, or at the Protocol Administration Office at DFCI (617) 632-3029. A copy of this consent form will be given to you to keep. Page 4 of 5 Subject Population: Patients with congenital anomalies IRB Protocol Number: 1999P-003090 98-09233 Sponsor Protocol Number: N/A Consent Form Approval Date: DECEMBER 9, 1999 Amendment Number Approved: N/A IRB Expiration Date: Amendment Approval Date: N/A NOVEMBER 22, 2000 Research Consent Form Brigham and Women’s Hospital Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Massachusetts General Hospital Version III. a August 1998 Pi_dist9. doc Imprint Patient ID Number REFUSAL OR WITHDRAWAL OF PARTICIPATION Participation in this study is voluntary. You do not have to participate in this study. Your present or future care will not be affected should you choose not to participate. If you decide to participate, you can change your mind and drop out of the study at any time without affecting your present or future care in the Hospitals. In addition, the doctor in charge of this study may decide to end your participation in this study at any time after he/she has explained the reasons for doing so and has helped arrange for your continued care by your own doctor, if needed. INJURY STATEMENT If you are injured during the course of the study and as a direct result of this study, you should contact the investigator at the number provided. You will be offered the necessary care to treat that injury. This care does not imply any fault or wrong-doing on the part of the Hospitals or the doctor(s) involved. Where applicable, the Hospitals reserve the right to bill third party payers for services you receive for the injury. The Hospitals will not provide you with any additional compensation for such injuries. SIGNATURE I confirm that the purpose of the research, the study procedures and the possible risks and discomforts as well as potential benefits that I may experience have been explained to me. Alternatives to my participation in the study also have been discussed. All my questions have been answered. I have read this consent form. My signature below indicates my willingness to participate in this study. Subject/Patient Date Witness/Advocate/Minor/Legal Guardian (if required) Date Additional Signature (if required)(identify relationship to subject) Date I have explained the purpose of the research, the study procedures, identifying those that are investigational, the possible risks and discomforts as well as potential benefits and have answered any questions regarding the study to the best of my ability. Study Representative Date Investigator Complete This Information At Enrollment for HEMATOLOGY/ONCOLOGY PROTOCOLS ONLY (A copy of this form should be faxed to the QCC and to the appropriate Medical Records) Primary Care Physician’s Name: Date protocol treatment begins for this subject: Diagnosis: Page 5 of 5 Subject Population: Patients with congenital anomalies IRB Protocol Number: 1999P-003090 98-09233 Sponsor Protocol Number: N/A Consent Form Approval Date: DECEMBER 9, 1999 Amendment Number Approved: N/A IRB Expiration Date: Amendment Approval Date: N/A NOVEMBER 22, 2000 How to cite Example of a Consent Form, Papers

Blind Oedipus Essay Research Paper Blind OedipusIn free essay sample

Blind Oedipus Essay, Research Paper Blind Oedipus In # 8220 ; Oedipus The King # 8221 ; by Sophocles, we see a adult male, Oedipus, who can see but can non see at the same clip. Oedipus has been chosen to look for the liquidator of the former male monarch, Laius. Little does he cognize that he, a few old ages prior, was the 1 who killed king Laius. He has besides been destined to kill his male parent and get married his female parent, which he knows he # 8217 ; s destined but does non see that he already has. There are many factors in the narrative that give Oedipus intimations and hints that tell him that he killed king Laius, his male parent, and married his female parent Jocasta. The seniors suggest that Oedipus consult the blind prophesier Tiresias. Tiresias will state Oedipus the truth on who killed Laius. We will write a custom essay sample on Blind Oedipus Essay Research Paper Blind OedipusIn or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page When Tiresias arrives, Oedipus asks him to state him who killed Laius. Tiresias tells Oedipus that he can non state because he would non like the reply that he is traveling to give, but Oedipus orders him excessively speak. Tiresias tries stating Oedipus discretely that he is the slayer, but Oedipus can non see because he is unsighted to see the truth. Finally Tiresias comes out and says to Oedipus that he is the slayer. Tiresias says # 8220 ; I say you are the liquidator you hunt # 8221 ; ( line 413 ) , but Oedipus still refuses to see that he is killer and mocks Tiresias because he can non see and science he tilt see he is lying. Tiresias even says that Oedipus is the unsighted 1 that cant see what is traveling on, he says # 8221 ; so, you mock my sightlessness? Let me state you this. You with your cherished eyes, you # 8217 ; re blind to the corruptness of your life, to the house you live in, those you live with-who are your parents? Do you cognize? All ignorantness you are t he flagellum of you own flesh and blood the dead below the Earth and the life here above, and the dual cilium of your female parent and your male parents curse will flog you from this land one twenty-four hours, their footstep treading you down in panic, darkness hiding you eyes that now can see the light # 8221 ; ( lines 468-479 ) . Jocasta besides tells Oedipus things that he should take as intimations as to h is past and present. She tells him about a boy that she and king Laius had but the boy was sent off by a confederate to fling on a waste, trackless mountain. Then Oedipus starts to oppugn when Laius was killed and where he was killed. Then he begins to remember that he besides killed some work forces at that same topographic point and about the same clip, but he still doesn’t believe that it could hold been him. He so recollects on a clip in Corinth, were he is from, of a clip that a adult male told him that he was non the boy of Polybus, male monarch of Corinth. Unknown to his parents he went to Delphi to speak to Apollo he said â€Å"you are fated to match with your female parent, you will convey a strain of kids into the light no adult male can crush to see-you will kill your male parent, the 1 who gave you life! † That is why he went to Thebes that manner he wouldn’t kill his male parent and get married his female parent. On his manner to Thebes he stopped at the topographic point were they say the male monarch was killed and faut and killed a group of work forces and a adult male in a Equus caballus drawn waggon that resembled that of the adult male Jocasta had spoken of. Then realizes that he did kill male monarch Laius, besides his male parent, and married his female parent Jocasta so he considered him self-the foulest of all persons. When Jocasta gets word of this she hangs her ego. Oedipus is so huffy at him self that he rips off her broachs, and with long gold pins stabs him self in the eyes and says out loud, â€Å"you, you’ll see no more hurting I suffered, all the hurting I caused! Too long you looked on the 1s you neer should hold seen, blind to the 1s you longed to see, To cognize! Blind from this hr on! Blind in the darkness-blind! † So know we see that at first Oedipus wasn # 8217 ; t truly blind he merely couldn # 8217 ; t see the truth. Know he is blind because he can see what he has done and the hurting he has caused. So he decides to non see to halt some agony by non holding to look at the faces of the people that he one time ruled over and his kids # 8217 ; s faces. So know blind Oedipus is know truly blind. Sophocles, # 8220 ; The Three Theban Plays # 8221 ; ( Penguin Books ) 1982 Newyork Newyork